USLM United States Lime & Minerals, Inc.
$106.04
Cyclical & Capital-Intensive 80%
Normalized Earnings × Cycle Multiple
Strong · Conviction

Overvalued

Trading 77.4% above fair value

You pay $106.04
Bear $49.34
Fair $59.78
Bull $70.22
Bear $49.34 -53.5% $2.61 × 14x + net cash
Fair $59.78 -43.6% $2.61 × 18x + net cash
Bull $70.22 -33.8% $2.61 × 22x + net cash

Key Value Driver

Through-cycle normalized EPS ($2.61)

Implied Market Multiple 40.6x

Summary

Using 7-year normalized EPS of $2.61 at a 18x cycle multiple, the base-case value is $59.78 per share. P/TBV cross-check: 4.8x.

Warnings

Recent profits ($4.67/share) are 79% above the mid-cycle average ($2.61). Buying based on peak profits is the most common mistake with boom-and-bust businesses.
Price-to-book value of 4.8x is above the normal range for this type of business (0.7x-2.0x). The stock may already price in a strong cycle.
This company has heavy ongoing investment costs. Valuation shortcuts that ignore those costs can make the stock look cheaper than it really is.

Key Risks

  • Standard 10-year DCF produces unreliable terminal values for cyclicals
  • 'Cheap' P/E at cycle peak is the most common value trap — normalize first
  • Captive finance subsidiaries have different risk profiles from manufacturing